This is an example of Hello World as an HTML Application.
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One particular HTA, named 4chan.hta (detected by antiviruses as JS/Chafpin.gen), was widely distributed by the users of the imageboard as a steganographic image in which the user were instructed to download the picture as an HTA file, which when executed, would cause the computer to automatically spam the website (evading 4chan's CAPTCHA in the process) with alternate variants of itself it was reported that such attacks were previously delivered in which the user was prompted to save it as a. html, for example) can be changed to an HTA by simply changing the extension to. Īn existing HTML file (with file extension.
Editors with special features for developing HTML applications may be obtained from Microsoft or from third-party sources. Otherwise, an HTA has the same format as an HTML page.Īny text editor can be used to create an HTA. This tag exposes a set of attributes that enable control of border style, the program icon, etc., and provide information such as the argument (command line) used to launch the HTA. To customize the appearance of an HTA, an optional tag hta:application was introduced to the HEAD section. Although HTAs run in this 'trusted' environment, querying Active Directory can be subject to Internet Explorer Zone logic and associated error messages. On the other hand, an HTA runs as a fully trusted application and therefore has more privileges than a normal HTML file for example, an HTA can create, edit and remove files and registry entries. This means it is confined to communicating with the server, manipulating the page's object model (usually to validate forms and/or create interesting visual effects) and reading or writing cookies. When a regular HTML file is executed, the execution is confined to the security model of the web browser. Further versions, such as 10 and 11, still support HTAs though with some minor features turned off. HTAs are fully supported running in modes equivalent to Internet Explorer versions 5 to 9.
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HTAs continue to work in Windows 11 as well. If a user removes Internet Explorer from Windows, via the Control Panel, the MSHTML engine remains and HTAs continue to work. HTAs are dependent on the Trident (MSHTML) browser engine, used by Internet Explorer, but are not dependent on the Internet Explorer application itself. īy default, HTAs are rendered as per "standards-mode content in IE7 Standards mode and quirks mode content in IE5 (Quirks) mode", but this can be altered using X-UA-Compatible headers. When executed remotely via the browser, the user is asked once, before the HTA is downloaded, whether or not to save or run the application if saved, it can simply be run on demand after that. When executed via mshta.exe (or if the file icon is double-clicked), it runs immediately. mshta.exe executes the HTA by instantiating the Internet Explorer rendering engine (mshtml) as well as any required language engines (such as vbscript.dll).Īn HTA is treated like any executable file with extension. This program is typically installed along with Internet Explorer. One screenshot of one example window that is produced by mshta.exeĪn HTA is executed using the program mshta.exe, or, alternatively, double-clicking on the file.
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